一般语法动词.docVIP

第七章、动词的用法 知识表解 项目 内容 例句 动词的定义 表示动作和状态的词，有时态、语态、语气和人称、数的变化 eat、speak、walk、go、read、make、have 动词的分类 行为动词 及物动词：能之间跟宾语，表示状态和动作的词； raise、have、do、drink She drunk a cup of milk. 不及物动词：不能直接跟宾语的词，必须加介词才能跟宾语 come、go、arrive、rise They arrive in Beijing at 3 o’clock. 助动词 没有词义，不能单独作谓语，和动词一起构成各种时态、语态和语气等动词形式，帮助构成疑问句和否定句。常用的有：do, does, did, have, has, had, don’t, doesn’t, didn’t, haven’t, hasn’t, hadn’t Does he know the truth? She doesn’t want to go swimming today. The man didn’t work yesterday. Did he come here yesterday? I have finished the task. She has found a job before she comes here. 系动词 不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。注意的有：be, get, become, seem, turn, look, feel, taste, sound, smell She is a teacher and I am a student. After ten years, the girl becomes beautiful. The silk feels smooth. 情态动词 本身有意义，表示说话人的语气或者情态，但词义不完整，不能单独作谓语，只能和情感动词一起构成谓语。它表示的情感有：命令、允许、请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、可能、敢于、推测等 Can I help you? She may have known the truth. They must find jobs by themselves after graduation. You had better inform me in advance. She will attend the meeting. 第一节。动词的时态 时态 定义 时间词 构成 例句 一 般 现 在 时 表示经常发生的动作或者习惯性的状态 often经常、 always总是、 sometimes 有时候、 usually总是、 once a week 一周一次、every每… 主+系+表 is: he, she, it, this, that am: I are: we, they, you, these, those He is a teacher I am a doctor They are books Is she a worker？ Yes, she is./No, she isn’t. She isn’t a nurse. 主+情态动词+动词原形 He can speak two languages —Can he swim? —Yes, he can/No, he can’t. She can’t come here today. 主 + 动词 （当主语是第一、二人称和三人称复数）主语+动原 I like music. I don’t like art. —Do you like drawing? —Yes, I do/No, I don’t. 主+动词s/es（当主语是he，she，it和单个的人或者物的时候） She likes music He doesn’t come here —Does he know the truth? —Yes, he does/No, he doesn’t 一 般 过 去 时 表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态 yesterday昨天、last上…、ago…以前 主+动词ed She went to Beijing yesterday. He didn’t come here today. —Did she buy a car last week? —Yes, she did/No, she didn’t. 一 般 将 来 时 表示将来要发生的动作或者存在的状态 tomorrow明天、 next 下…一 in+时间 在…后 主+will/shall+ 动词原形 She will come back in 3 days. —Will she tell you the truth