2012 Chapter 7 Discourse Analysis 语篇分析.pptVIP

/Item/10624.aspx 姚夏青 5.1 Adjacency pairs 相邻语对 Not all first parts immediately receive their second parts. A: Do you want the early flight? --- Q1 B: What time does it arrive? --- Q2 A: 9:55. --- A2 B: Yeah --- that’s great. --- A1 Q2A2 --- insertion sequence 插入语列: One adjacency pair within another 3 or 4 insertion sequences are common 5.2 Preference structure首选结构 Question --- answer A: What does Joe do for a living? B: a. He is a teacher. (answer) b. Do you need to know? (question) c. Oh, this and that. (partial answer) d. I’ve no idea. (ignorance) e. What’s that got to do with it? (denial of relevance ) f. He doesn’t. (denial of presupposition) There can be several second parts to a first part. 5.2 Preference structure首选结构 Adjacency pairs represent social actions, but not all social actions are equally desired as second parts of some pairs. A: Have you got a light? B: Yes. (preferred) B: No, sorry. I don’t smoke. (dispreferred) Preference structure divides second parts into preferred (usual, expected act) and dispreferred (unusual, unexpected act). 5.2 Preference structure首选结构 First part Second part Preferred Dispreferred Assessment Invitation Offer Proposal Request Criticism Agreement Acceptance Acceptance Agreement Acceptance Denial Disagreement Refusal Declination Disagreement Refusal Acceptance 5.2 Preference structure首选结构 Features of dispreferred second parts (face-threatening responses): More material Representing distance and lack of connection Delaying element (well, let me see…) Apology element (sorry…) Element of appreciation and explanation 5.2 Preference structure首选结构 A: Could you come to our party tonight? B: Hehh, well, thanks for the invitation, but I’m afraid I can’t make it this time. You see I’m running an ad in the newspapers and I have to stay near the phone. The best way to avoid a dispreferred sec