IV非谓词动词.pptVIP

专转本统一考试 大学英语（IV） jumpshowtutu@ Review on Previous Lessons 1.1从句 1.2非谓语动词 1.3虚拟语气 1.4主谓一致 1.5情态动词 1.6时态和语态 1.7强调和倒装 1.8比较级 不定式 1．不定式的形式： （1）一般式：　 To be or not to be, that’s the question. （2）被动式： There is no other choice to be made. 别无选择。 （3）完成式： 　He was believed to have told a lie. 人们相信他撒了谎。 （4）完成被动式： He was said to have been taken to America. 据说他已经被带到了美国。 （5）否定式：not + 不定式 　I expect not to see him again. 我希望再也不要见到他。 （6）复合结构：for/of sb.+ 不定式 It’s necessary for him to go back. 他有必要回去。 It’s kind of you to help me a lot. 你真好，帮了我很多。 不定式的句法功能 1 to do 短语作主语 To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正主语不定式置于句后，上句可用如下形式： It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 常用句式 1、It+be+名词+to do。 2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。 3、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。 4、 It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。 It is difficult for me to believe him again. It is lazy of you to leave the housework undone. 注意：否定在to前加not It’s natural for me not to stay at home on Sunday. 2.作表语 Her wish is to become a famous singer. Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks. I was the first woman to travel alone at the North pole. =(who travels alone at the North pole) Shanghai is the first city in the world to have built a high—speed maglev train. =(that has built a high-speed maglev train.) 5 To do 作状语 ①表目的： He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 注意： 不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要 一致： wrong：To save money, every means has been tried. right：To save money, he has tried every means. ②表结果： He arrived late to find the train gone. 常用only放在不定式前表示强调： I visited him only to find him out. I hurried to the post office, only to find it was closed. ③表原因： They were very sad to hear the news. ④表程度： Its too dark for us to see anything. The question is simple for him to answer. 动名词 动名词既具动词的一些特征，又具名词的句法功能。 1．动名词的形式： （1）一般式：　Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 （2）被动式： He came to the party without being invited． 他未