倒置句子和关系条款.docVIP

INVERSION 一、?倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：? 1)?here,?there,?now,?then,?thus等副词置于句首,?谓语动词常用be,?come,?go,?lie,?run。?  例如1.There?goes?the?bell.? 2. Then?came?the?chairman. 3. Here?is?your?letter.? 2)?表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。?  例如 1.Out?rushed?a?missile?from?under?the?bomber.?  2. Ahead?sat?an?old?woman.? 3）表示方位的介词放在句首，采用倒装。 例如 1. In front of the house stands a tree. 2. In this chapter will be found a correct answer. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：1. Here?he?comes.???? ?2. Away?they?went.? 二、倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,?does或did，并将其置于主语之前。? 1)句首为否定或半否定的词语， 如no,?not,?never,?seldom,?little,?hardly,?at?no?time,?in?no?way,?not?until…?等。? 1. Never?have?I?seen?such?a?performance.? 2. Nowhere?will?you?find?the?answer?to?this?question.? 3. Not?until?the?child?fell?asleep?did?the?mother?leave?the?room.? 当Not?until引主从复合句，主句倒，从句不倒。?注意：?如否定词不在句首不倒装。?1. I?have?never?seen?such?a?performance.? ?2. The?mother?didn’t?leave?the?room?until?the?child?fell?asleep.? 典型例题 a) Why?can’t?I?smoke?here?? At?no?time___?in?the?meeting-room.  A.?is?smoking?permitted B. smoking?is?permitted?  C.?smoking?is?it?permitted D. does?smoking?permit? 答案A.?这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。?这些否定词包括no,?little,?hardly,?seldom,?never,?not?only,?not?until等。本题的正常语序是?Smoking?is?permitted?in?the?meeting-room?at?no?time.? b）?Not?until?the?early?years?of?the?19th?century?___?what?heat?is.?  A.?man?did?know ?B.?man?know ?C.?didn’t?man?know ?D.?did?man?know? 答案D.　?看到Not?until…的句型，我们知道为倒装句，答案在C，D?中选一个。改写为正常语序为，Man?did?not?know?what?heat?is?until?the?early?years?of?the?19th.?现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。? 2) 以否定词开头作部分倒装 　　如?Not?only…but?also,?Hardly/Scarcely…when,?No?sooner…?than? 　　Not?only?did?he?refuse?the?gift,?he?also?severely?criticized?the?sender. 　　Hardly?had?she?gone?out?when?a?student?came?to?visit?her.? 　　No?sooner?had?she?gone?out?than?a?student?came?to?visit?