动词非谓词形式.pptVIP

Unit One Unit One Non-finite Verbs Kong Nannan Introduction 1.定义： 谓语形式是指动词在句中做谓语时的各种形式，它必须与主语的人称和数保持一致。 非谓语形式是指动词在句中不做谓语时的一些形式，它不受主语人称和数的限制，还称为非限定动词或非人称动词。 例如：动词be The finite forms：am, is, are, was and were. The non-finite forms: be, being and been. 2.种类 A. The infinite 不定式 B. The participle 分词 C. The gerund 动名词 3.特点 A.有语态和时态的变化形式 B.可带有自己的宾语，状语，补语，这时分别称为动词不定式短语、分词短语、动名词短语。 I. The infinitive(5) The simple infinitive★ Complex infinitive★ Nominal infinitive ★ The reflexive infinitive（反射式不定式） Infinitive forms of the pattern “there be” I. The infinitive The simple infinitive Its formation: To+动词原形 Not to+动词原形 (Exercises Ⅲ) Its functions: （1）Subject Features： ⅰ.The predicate must be in singular form, third person. E.g. To apply theory to practice is very important. To construct such inductors requires many turns of wire and cores. ⅱ.The formal subject “it” is often used. E.g. It is very important to apply theory to practice. It requires many turns of wire and cores to construct such inductors. It is of great interest to study the three laws of motion. It seems not possible to find out this this current. It is possible to (do …) “我们能够……” It is necessary to (do …) “我们必须……” It is a simple matter to (do …) “……是容易的” ② “It + vt（take★, require, do, make）+ object + infinitive (subject)” It takes sunlight about 8 minutes to reach the earth. It requires a strong field to magnetize these materials. ③ “It +vi (remain★，work, help, occur)+ infinitive ” It remains now to determine a and b. It helps to take the values of x. （2）Adverbial ② At the end of a sentence：to express either a purpose（meaning“来；以便于”）or a result（meaning“而；以致于”） This device can be used to measure the strength of the signal. Many elements combine with hydrogen to form combustible（易燃的）liquids. In a free state, atoms usually combine together to form molecules（分子）. ③ Forming set phrases or word collocations