反转句.pptVIP

INVERSION（倒装）; 英语句子的自然语序是“主语 + 谓语”。 如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为“倒装”。谓语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装；只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，为部分倒装。 倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）；二是为了强调。;1.there be句型, 其中be动词有时可用live, stand, lie等词代替。(全部倒装） There is an experienced teacher and many lovely students upstairs. 2.方位词in, out, there, here, inside, outside, up, down, away, off, downstairs, upstairs等以及now, then放在句首时，并且句子的主语是名词。（全部倒装） Away flew the bird which I bought yesterday. Upstairs hurried Mike with a book in his hand.;3.为了平衡句子结构的需要，或为了强调状语（常为介词短语），或为了使上下文紧密衔接时。 （全部倒装） 1) Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens. 2) Nearby were the canoes in which they had come to the island. 3)Yesterday we climbed up the mountain, at the bottom of which stood an old temple. The soldiers arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. ;4.把so / neither, nor ,no more放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人或东西。其结构是“so + be/情态动词/助动词 + 主语”；“neither (nor) + be/情态动词/助动词 + 主语”。（全部倒装） 1)My mother went traveling this summer. So did I. 2)Simon has joined the school football team; so have the boys from our class. 3)She can’t work out the math problem. Nor can I. 4)Karl Max was born in Germany and he knew several foreign languages. So it was with Engles.; 5.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。（全部倒装） “What’s up, Tom?” asked Mother. “Do you know the Chinese for ‘dedicate’?” said the teacher.;6.用于疑问句。（部分倒装） Shall everything be ready before you arrive? 7.only + 状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）放在句首时。 （部分倒装） 1)Only then did I realize the value of reading aloud every morning. 2)Only by means of talking can we avoid misunderstanding each other. 3)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get back to work.;8.“so /such +表语/状语 + that从句”结构中的so 或such引导的表语/状语放在句首时。（部分??装） 1）So frightened was she in the darkness that she didn’t dare to move at all. 2）So hurriedly did she leave that she forgot to switch off the lights. 3）Such a lovely child is he that all of us love him. 9.含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little,