非谓词对象.docVIP

中考冲刺英语知识梳理 关键词： 非谓语动词考点 主谓一致考点 宾语从句 非谓语动词的种类：非谓语动词，顾名思义，即不能作句子的谓语用的动词，也称动词的非限定形式。主要分为动词不定式，现在分词，过去分词和动名词四种，非谓语动词也有动词的特征，可有自己的状语和宾语。 一、动词不定式（The Infinitive） 动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，有加“to”和省to两种形式，可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语，宾语补足语、状语等成份。 1、动词不定式作主语。 To get an injection is a little painful. To complain too much isn’t a good thing. 注： ●不定式作主语，整个结构看成一个整体，谓语用单数形式，还可用it作形式主语而把不定式放于句末，保持句子平衡。如 ：（划线部分为真正的主语部分） It（形式主语）takes me two hours to finish my English homework. It’s difficult to Learn English Well. ●不定式作主语有两种特殊结构，一般认为是由for 或of引导其逻辑主语，如 It’s important for us to learn a foreign language. It’s difficult for us to finish it on time. 2、动词不定式作表语。 My job is to feed animals. Our duty is to keep the classroom clean and tidy. 3、动词不定式作宾语 He wants to borrow a book from me. I hope to see my pen friend as soon as possible. Children love to play games. I found it difficult to get on with him.(it为形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式) ●注：不定式有时与疑问句where, how, what, which, when, who 等连用，作动词的宾语。 如： What to do I don’t know How to do it Where to go When to set off Which one to choose Who to ask 4、不定式作定语 Would you like something to drink /to read/to eat? I have a lot of homework to do. 5、不定式作宾语补足语。分省“to”和加“to”两种。 I told him to do it himself.(加to) He asked me to buy some oranges for him.（加to） I often saw him go to the cinema last year.(省to) Please let the boy come in.（省to） The boss makes the workers work ten hours a day.(省to) ●注：感观动词（see, watch, notice, hear, feel）和使役动词（have, let , make）后用省to不定式作宾补，但改成被动语态时，不定式前加to，宾语补语相应变成主语补语。 如；The workers are made to work ten hours a day. 6、作状语 They went to the shop to buy some school things.(目的状语) My sister to young to go to school.（结果状语） 三、现在分词（The Present Participle）和过去分词（The Past Participle） 现在分词由动词加“ing”构成（构成方式略）表示主动或正在进行；过去分词由规则动词加“ed”或查不规则动词表，一般表示被动或动作已完成。分词主要起形容词和副词作用，可在句中作表语定语，状语、宾补等成份。 1、作表语 The news is e