非谓词解释和用法.docVIP

V.-ing形式 Ⅰ“回眸”动词-ing形式 我们已经比较系统地学习过动词ing形式的用法，现在简要回顾一下：判断其作何种成分。 (1) This is an interesting book. ( ) (2) The woman sitting by the window is our maths teacher. ( ) (3) Seeing the bird, the bear suddenly stood up. ( ) (4) I saw the man walking on the street yesterday. ( ) (5) Playing football is his favorite sport. ( ) (6) I didn’t stop working last night. ( ) (7) My work is teaching English. ( ) 动词-ing是动词非谓语形式中的一种, 单独使用时, 能在句中做除 _____ 之外的任何其他句子成分。如: 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。作状语时，可表时间、条件、原因、让步或伴随。 动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前加not；动词-ing形式的完成式为 ；动词-ing形式的被动式为 ；动词-ing形式的完成被动式为 ； 动词-ing形式之前可以有自己的逻辑主语，这种逻辑主谓结构称为 ，在句中作状语，如本单元中出现的句子： The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them. Ⅱ聚焦V-ing形式作状语 V-ing形式作状语，可表示时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件等。试判断下面句子属于何种状语： 1. She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. ( ) 2. Hang Wei went to school, taking a train. ( ) 3. While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. ( ) 4. Not having received a reply, we wrote again. ( ) 5. Heating water，we can change it into vapor． ( ) 一、现在分词短语作时间状语有以下情况： 1．分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑 主语为句中的主语。常用hear,?see,?arrive,?return,?get?to,?look,?open,?close,?leave,?turn?around,?walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。此种情况可以换作on+动名词，表示相同的意思。译作一（刚）……就……。?此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句，该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示。如： ?Hearing?their?teachers?voice,?the?pupils?stopped?talking?at?once.（=?On?hearing?their?teachers?voice…?=?When?they?heard?their?teachers?voice,?the?pupils…） 一听到教师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。 2．谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中，则用when?/while+现在分词的一般式，分 词的逻辑主语为句中的主语。此种情况可以用in+动名词的一般式代替。也可以换作when、while引导的时间状语从句，该从句的谓语动词用进行时态。如：? Dont?be?careless?when?/while?having?an?e