曼昆 经济学Chap 15课件.pptVIP

Monopoly垄断;Monopoly 垄断;Monopoly 垄断;Why Monopolies Arise为什么会产生垄断;Why Monopolies Arise;为什么会产生垄断;Monopoly Resources;垄断资源;Government-Created Monopolies;政府制造的垄断;Government-Created Monopolies政府制造的垄断;Natural Monopolies自然垄断;Natural Monopolies自然垄断;Figure 1 Economies of Scale as a Cause of Monopoly作为垄断原因的规模经济;HOW MONOPOLIES MAKE PRODUCTION AND PRICING DECISIONS;垄断者如何作出生产与定价决策;Figure 2 Demand Curves for Competitive and Monopoly Firms;产量;A Monopoly’s Revenue垄断者的收益;Table 1 A Monopoly’s Total, Average, and Marginal Revenue;表1. 垄断者的总收益、平均收益和边际收益;A Monopoly’s Marginal Revenue;垄断者的边际收益;A Monopoly’s Marginal Revenue;垄断者的边际收益;Figure 3 Demand and Marginal Revenue Curves for a Monopoly 垄断者的需求与边际收益曲线;Profit Maximization of a Monopoly;垄断企业的利润最大化;Figure 4 Profit Maximization for a Monopoly;图4. 垄断企业的利润最大化;Comparing Monopoly and Competition 垄断与竞争比较;A Monopoly’s Profit垄断者的利润;Monopoly profit;垄断利润;The Monopolist’s Profit垄断者的利润;Figure 6 The Market for Drugs;图6. 药品市场;The Welfare Cost of Monopoly;垄断者的福利代价;Figure 7 The Efficient Level of Output;价格;The Deadweight Loss;无谓损失;Figure 8 The Inefficiency of Monopoly;图8. 垄断的无效率;The Inefficiency of Monopoly垄断的无效率;The Deadweight Loss;无谓损失;Public Policy Toward Monopolies;对垄断的公共政策;Increasing Competition with Antitrust Laws;用反托拉斯法增强竞争;Increasing Competition with Antitrust Laws ;用反托拉斯法增强竞争;Regulation 管制;Figure 9 Marginal-Cost Pricing for a Natural Monopoly自然垄断的边际成本定价;Regulation 管制;Public Ownership 公有制;Doing Nothing 无所作为;Price Discrimination 价格歧视 ;PRICE DISCRIMINATION;价格歧视;Price Discrimination 价格歧视;Figure 10 Welfare with and without Price Discrimination;无谓损失;Figure 10 Welfare with and without Price Discrimination有无价格歧视时的福利;Examples of Price Discrimination价格歧视的例子;Conclusion: The Prevalence of Monopoly;结论：垄断者的普遍性;Summary;小结;Summary;小结;Summary;小结;Summary;小结;Summary;总结