Scientific_Method_2013副本.ppt

* * * * * * * COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969 WARNING This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of Monash University pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act). The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. Scientific method Scientists do experiments to find the answers to questions. Scientists make observations and then formulate a hypothesis. A hypothesis is an educated guess. It is an expected answer that is based on prior knowledge. A hypothesis is not always correct, but it gives the scientists a guide to what to expect For example – if you were to place a ball on a slope, you would expect it to roll down hill, not up hill. Your hypothesis would be that the ball would roll down hill. /file/view/scientific_method_2.gifscientific_method_2.gif Scientists design experiments to test their hypotheses. Experiments need to be controlled. A controlled experiment is where only one variable is tested at a time. A variable is the condition that changes. Mary is in charge of dying T-shirts for the team members to wear at the next game. She has 10 white, 100% cotton T-shirts and wants to dye them orange. Mary buys a box of orange dye. Mary is not sure how to dye the shirts the exact color. She reads the dye label and discovers that the length of time that cloth is soaked in the dye will determine the shade of the color that the cloth will become. She guesses that soaking the shirts for about fifteen minutes should be long enough to dye them the proper shade of orange. But she is still uncertain. What is her hypothesis? Her experiment to test her hypothesis She decides to use one extra shirt to test her prediction. Mary cuts the shirt into 10 six inch squares. She places 2 grams of orange