Total Physical Response 王海霞.pptxVIP

Total Physical Response Wang Haixia Background Information Gouin advocated a strategy in which a chain of action verbs served as the basis for introduction and practicing new language items. Palmer experimented with an action-based teaching strategy in his book English through Actions in 1925 Drawing on several theories, James Asher, a professor of psychology in America developed Total Physical Response in the mid 1960s. Definition Total Physical Response(TPR) is a language teaching method built around the coordination of speech and action; it attempts to teach language through physical activity. Theoretical Basis Trace theory:the more often or the more intensively a memory connection is traced, the stronger the memory association will be and the more likely it will be recalled. In a developmental sense, successful adult L2 learning is seen as a parallel process to child L1 acquisition: command — physical response — verbal response. In a sense of humanistic psychology, TPR shows a concern for the role of affective factors in L learning: No linguistic demand Gamelike movements that reduce stress and create a positive mood Theoretial Basis Comprehension Approach: developing comprehension skills before learners speaking based on the following beliefs: Comprehension abilities precede productive skills in learning a language; Speaking delayed until comprehension skills established; Skills acquired through listening transfer to other skills; Teaching should emphasize meaning rather than form; and Teaching should minimize learner stress The Role for Teachers Active director of the classroom interaction and language input Decides what to teach Models and presents teaching materials Selects supporting materials The Role for Students Listener— listen attentively and respond physically to teacher’s commands Performer — respond both individually and collectively Produce novel combinations of their own. Monitor and evaluate their own progress. Speak when