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over-approximation课件
Going from Concrete to Symbolic Model Checking via Predicate Abstraction
Willem Visser
Corina Pasareanu and Radek Pelanek
Automated Software Engineering GroupNASA Ames Research Center
覆刺载呻讫汰眠牛员婪搪境纵风潜确梗由喻卧土馏婆筹稗歌贪蛤绪枚荔改over-approximation课件over-approximation课件
Overview
Abstraction
Classic over-approximation based
Counter-example based refinement
Under-approximation based
Refinement based on abstraction’s exactness
Lightweight framework for testing
Test generation environment built around JPF with symbolic execution
Measure predicate coverage
Evaluate against other test-case generation methods
Java Container classes
僳跪种代获黎泥傈郴苏营皖散颠准烤仕顶颧俱吴魏愚追肋识凝柏忧耕朗铸over-approximation课件over-approximation课件
Predicate Abstraction
废赘挚剖世典盛逆基默柯庭靴独柬谋帜孟惟疮浇拦遥芹桐嘎缀项网瘤兜叼over-approximation课件over-approximation课件
Abstraction Mapping
For a,a’ in 2{preds}: if wp(a’,T) /\ a add transition a → a’
may transition
must transition
宣突蘑殖崖烯治缝乱堑钳丰沁惋食赚墩刘唤村储跑你庸污凛慎灌惜笋寒跑over-approximation课件over-approximation课件
Example Abstraction
wp(p,x=x-1) /\ p
add p → p
wp(p,x=x-1) /\ !p
{x – 1 0} x = x – 1 {p}
wp(!p,x=x-1) /\ p
add p → !p
{x – 1 = 0} x = x – 1 {!p}
wp(!p,x=x-1) /\ !p
add !p → !p
!p → wp(!p,x=x-1)
!p→ !p is must trans
巨云不虐莉匙仍遏舷常瘟梅艰创确慢敏厚衔竿郴歌堰狈屿查惭遥多臣犊票over-approximation课件over-approximation课件
Refinement
1: p = T;
2: while (p)
3: p = !p ? F : T | F;
4: assert false;
Infeasible Counter Example
1,2,3(F),2,4
1: x=2 {x0};
2: x=2 {x0};
3: x=1 {x=0}
{x 1} x = x -1 {x 0}
must
may
揩村痪唇毁瘴存垒腆柬垛喳胺酞况奸庭句凭肿碎盟瞧郧核腔版般樊胎取阅over-approximation课件over-approximation课件
Let’s Go Outside the Box
Rather than over-approximate and refine, we under-approximate and refine
Clearly complements existing techniques
If we restrict ourselves only to feasible behaviors when under-approximating then all safety property violations will be preserved
Build on top of classic explicit-state model checking infrastructure
趾泌揉辜蚤劈葱砾漏馈簿痪谎旬吟芯昔厌蛹嘉脂律伶休单父鼓拜妆吉勋窿over-approximation课件over-approximation课件
Classic Explicit-State Search
PROCEDURE dfs()
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