分布式计算原理与应用(Distributed_Computing)第六章课件-stu.ppt

* Distributed Computing, M. L. Liu * The Java Basic Multicast API - 3 3. DatagramSocket: In the datagram socket API, this class represents a socket through which a process may send or receive data. 4. MulticastSocket : A MulticastSocket is a DatagramSocket, with additional capabilities for joining and leaving a multicast group. An object of the multicast datagram socket class can be used for sending and receiving IP multicast packets. * Distributed Computing, M. L. Liu * IP Multicast addresses Instead of a single process, a multicast datagram is meant to be received by all the processes that are currently members of a specific multicast group. Hence each multicast datagram needs to be addressed to a multicast group instead of an individual process. The Java multicast API uses the Internet Protocol (IP) multicast addresses for identifying multicast groups. In IPv4a multicast group is specified by (i) a class D IP address combined with (ii) a standard UDP port number.  * Distributed Computing, M. L. Liu * IP Multicast addresses - 2 Class D IP addresses are those with the prefix bit string of 1110, and hence these addresses are in the range of 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255, inclusive. Excluding the four prefix bits, there are 32-4=28 remaining bits, resulting in an address space of 228; that is, approximiate 268 million class D addresses are available, although the address 224.0.0.0 is reserved and should not be used by any application.. IPv4 multicast addresses are managed and assigned by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) * Distributed Computing, M. L. Liu * IP Multicast addresses - 3 An application which uses the Java multicast API must specifiy at least one multicast address for the application. To select a multicast address for an application, there are the following options: 1. Obtain a permanently assigned static multicast address from IANA: Permanent addresses are limited to global, well-known Internet applications, and the