线性代数难点解析（Analysis of difficulties in linear algebra）.doc

线性代数难点解析（Analysis of difficulties in linear algebra） An analysis of difficult problems in linear algebra.Txt Chapter determinant I. emphasis 1. Understanding: the definition of a determinant, a cofactor, an algebraic cofactor. 2, grasp: determinant of the basic nature and inference. 3, the use of: the use of determinant properties and calculation methods to calculate the determinant, using the Clem rule for solving equations. Two, difficulties The application of determinant in the solution of linear equations, the inverse of matrices, the linear correlation of vectors and the eigenvalues of matrices. Three important formula 1, if A is a matrix of N, then, kA / = kn / A / 2, if A and B are n order matrix, is / AB / A / B / =,,, 3, if A is a matrix of N, then, A* / / A / n-1 = If A is n invertible matrix, then / A-1 / A / -1 / = 4, if A is n order square, lambda I (i=1,2,... N, A) is the characteristic value of A / PI lambda = I Four, questions and Solutions 1, the proposition about the concept and property of determinant 2, the calculation of the determinant (method) 1) use defined 2) reduce the order of a determinant according to a row (column) 3) the nature of the determinant Rows (columns) added to the same row (column) to be applied to the equality of the elements of each column (row). Double or minus the same line (column) of each row (column), reduce the determinant, or turn it into the upper (lower) triangle determinant. Third, successive (column) addition and subtraction, and simplified determinant. Break the determinant into the sum and difference of several determinants. 4) recursive method is applicable to the determinant with strong regularity and zero elements 5) mathematical induction, more used to prove 3, use Clems law to solve linear equations If D = A / / = 0, then Ax=b has a unique solution, i.e. X1=D1/D, x2=, D2/D,... Xn= Dn/D Where Dj is to change the coefficients of XJ into constants in D. Note: the Clem law applies only to equations whose numbe