句子的构成来解释课件.ppt

Sentence Elements;构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分.;主要成分;句子成分详解表;是一个句子所叙述的主体，表示句子说的是什么人或什么事,一般位于句首。 但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语不放于句首，而位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。;1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular。 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. ;7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. ;说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。 动词或动词词组在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。;1、简单谓语???由一个动词或动词短语构成。 He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词的各种变形构成。如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如： We are students. 注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致（主谓一致）。;表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。 由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。 ;1.They went to see an exhibition yesterday. 2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. 3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.;4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 5.He pretended not to see me. 6.I enjoy listening to popular music. 7.I think（that）he is fit for his office. ;（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） Lend me your dictionary, please. To: write, tell, pass, give, send, promise, show, hand, read, tell, bring, throw等， He sent the novel to William yesterday. For: leave, buy, build, choose, cook, draw, find, get, order, post, save等， She bought a gift for her mother. （2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补） They elected him their monitor.;只能接不定式做宾语 ask, agree, care, choose, demand, dare, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, desire等， 如： He refused to lend me his bike. 只能接动名词做宾语 admit, avoid, advise, consider, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, imagine, mind, practise, suggest等， 如：John has admitted breaking the wi