英汉语句子内部关系对比研究_秦裕祥.pdfVIP

2 00 3 年第7 期 外 语 与 外 语 教 学 2003 , №7 总 第 172 期 Foreign Languages and Their Teaching Serial №172 英汉语句子内部关系对比研究 秦裕祥 (湖南师范大学外国语学院 ,湖南长沙 　4 10081) 　　摘 　要 :本文对英汉语句子主谓之间的句法和语义关系进行了对比研究 。研究表明 ,英汉语句子主谓之间的句法关系 差别很大 ,这种差别来源于两种语言类型的不同 ,并影响着两种语言句法结构的变化规律 ;英汉语句子主谓之间的语义关 系主体相同 ,基本符合英汉民族彼此认同的思维逻辑 ,但有时也存在差异 ,这种差异产生于英汉民族不同的思维方式 、认知 视角和表达习惯 。 关键词 :英语 ;汉语 ;句子 ; 内部关系 ;对比 　　Abstract :This paper presents a contrastive study of the syntactic and the semantic relationship s between subj ect and predicate of the English and the Chinese sentence . The study shows that the syntactic relationship s between subj ect and predicate in the two languages are totally different and the difference , which originates from the difference between the two languages in typology , has great influence on the laws that govern the changing of the syntactic structures of the two languages. The study also shows that basically the semantic relationship s between subj ect and predicate in the two languages are the same and in conformity with the thinking logic accepted by Englishspeaking and Chinesespeaking peoples ,but sometimes they are also different , and these differences result from the differences between Englishspeaking and Chinesespeaking peoples in cognitive perspective , the way of thinking and the convention of expressing. Key words :English , Chinese , sentence , internal relationship , contrast ( ) 中图分类号 :H0 　文献标识码 :A 　文章编号 :1004 - 6038 2003 07 - 0032 - 04 ( ) ( ) 　　英汉语句子均 由主语和谓语两大部分组成 , 它们之间 有人称 即人称代词 和数 含数形和数念 的不同变化时 ,受