1 原生动物门（1 protozoa）.doc

1 原生动物门（1 protozoa） Protozoa: (I) biological characteristics: (1) single cell or single cell populations, organelles that perform various physiological functions within the cell. (2) all kinds of biological types are: autotrophic nutrition (plant nutrition), phagocytic nutrition (Animal Nutrition), and metabolic nutrition. (3) the basic enzyme system appeared. (4) a exerciser that moves in water. (5) asexual and sexual two ways of reproduction. (6) some species have distinctive shells. (two) structure: 1. some surfaces have relatively rigid shells. (1) chitin (2) siliceous (scaly shell worm) (3) calcareous (foraminifera); (4) fiber 2. the cell membrane of protozoa is also called the membrane. It has the function of protecting and helping the insect movement, and the insects can depend on the membrane to keep the bodys unique characters. 3. cytoplasm is divided into two layers: Exoplasm: relatively transparent, dense texture Endoplasmic: more particles, easy to flow 4. generally only one nucleus, some with multiple nuclei: Vesicular nucleus: less chromatin, uneven distribution Dense nuclei: more chromatin, uniform density Some protozoa has a small two nuclear, including nuclear dense nucleus, associated with cell metabolism; usually small vesicular nuclei, related to reproduction. (three) function: 1. movement: a group of flagella or cilia; another type of movement through the head. Flagella are long and short; cilia are numerous and short; the transformation and flow of dissolved and gelatinous proteins in the protoplasm cause the body to form its movement. 2. nutrition: protozoa have three kinds of nutrition. Plant nutrition: Mastigophora (Euglena viridis) Animal nutrition: the formation of food vesicles (Paramecium) by eating at the mouth of the cell Saprophytic nutrient: the uptake of organic matter by water through the surface of the body 3. respiration: the removal of oxygen from water by diffusion, thereby breaking down organic matter; parasitic protozoa decom