120个高中关键知识点（120 high school key knowledge points）.doc

120个高中关键知识点（120 high school key knowledge points） Knowledge module of element compounds 1. the larger the atomic radius of the alkali metal element, the higher the melting point, the greater the activity of the elementary substance The melting point decreases as the radius of the atom increases All 2. sulfur and white phosphorus soluble in carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride and other organic solvent, organic acid is insoluble in water Error: lower organic acids are soluble in water 3. add enough concentrated sulfuric acid to produce blue solid in a saturated solution of copper sulphate Right, concentrated sulfuric acid water after precipitation with vitriol 4. the only elements that can react with cold water to emit gaseous matter are active metallic elements or active nonmetallic elements For example, 2Na2O2+2H2O error, O2 = +4NaOH 5. liquefy the air and then gradually heat up, first producing oxygen, and remaining nitrogen Error, the boiling point of N2 is below O2, and N2 is first obtained, leaving liquid oxygen 6. smelting pig iron into carbon steel, the main problem is to remove the pig iron in addition to various elements except Fe, pig iron purification The mistake is to reduce the percentage of C in pig iron, not to purify it 7. although potassium in nature is soluble in water, but K% in soil is not high, so it is necessary to use potassium fertilizer to meet the needs of plant growth The potassium content in nature is not low, but it exists in the form of complex silicate and is difficult to dissolve in water 8. preparation of bleaching powder, preparation of Bordeaux and modified acid soil, lime should be used Right, preparation of lime and bleaching powder for Cl2 reaction, Bordeaux mixture of copper sulfate and hydrated lime 9. silica is an acid oxide which is insoluble in acid solutions Error, SiO2 can be dissolved in hydrofluoric acid 10. iron excess soluble in hydrochloric acid, then adding chlorine or bromine or iodine or zinc nitrate, all can pr