植物形态解剖（Plant anatomy）.docVIP

植物形态解剖（Plant anatomy） The theoretical part The first chapter of plant morphology and anatomy The issues involved, a contest In the middle school biology teaching syllabus, has simply introduced the basic structure of the seed plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. According to the international Biology Olympiad (IBO) program and the national high school biology contest syllabus (Trial) requirements, the anatomy of seed plant tissues and organs at all levels of competition in knowledge are required to master and can be flexibly, and therefore must be expanded and improved in the middle school on the basis of the original. It is as follows: (a) of plant tissue 1. Sam It is composed with dividing cells, located in the area of plant growth, root and shoot growth and have a direct relationship with the bold. Composition of meristem cells, its main features are: smaller cells, closely arranged, the wall is thin, the nucleus is relatively large, thick cytoplasm, no vacuoles or only small vacuoles scattered. According to the meristem in plants, can be divided into the apical meristem, lateral meristem and intercalary meristem. (1): the top is located in the apical meristem of stem and root and branch of the spindle, their separatist activities can make the root and stem elongation and continuous, branches and leaves forming in the stem, the plant nutrition area expanded. The stem apical meristem finally will also produce reproductive organs. (2) lateral meristem: around the lateral part located in the root and stem, near the edge of the organ. It includes the formation layer and form a layer of wood. Cambial activity can make the root and stem was increasing, in order to adapt to the expansion of plant nutrition area. The cork cambium activity is the long thick root and stem surface or surface to form a protective organ injured new organization. Lateral meristem exists mainly in gymnosperms and woody dicotyledonous plants. Herbaceous dicotyledonous plants in