第三章 基础工程（The third chapter of foundation engineering）.doc

第三章 基础工程（The third chapter of foundation engineering） The third chapter, foundation engineering The hydraulic structure is very strict to the foundation, and the natural ground often needs to be processed artificially. The foundation project is a hidden project, and the quality of the treatment should be guaranteed. The emphasis of this chapter is as follows: (1) the requirements of the hydraulic structures to the ground and the commonly used treatment methods. Based on the classification of hydraulic structures according to the nature of the strata can be divided into two types: the batholith; the soft base (including soil and sand gravel foundation). Section 1 Foundation Excavation This section focuses on the basic requirements of rock excavation; the rock excavation quality control measures. I. requirements of hydraulic structures for foundations: The basic requirements of various types of hydraulic structures for foundation are: 1) having sufficient strength to withstand the stresses transmitted by the superstructure; 2) having sufficient integrity and uniformity to prevent foundation sliding and uneven settlement; 3) have enough impermeability to avoid serious seepage and seepage damage; 4) sufficient durability to prevent erosion and damage in the long run of ground water. Two, rock excavation should pay attention to the problem (1) timely control of water seepage in the foundation pit, seepage and surface water, so as to ensure that excavation work is conducted without interference from water. The excavation of the bank slope should pay great attention to the removal of surface water, and repair the drainage ditch at the periphery of the excavation to guide the surface water. The channel part of the excavation, to arrange a good water drainage system, equipped with mobile pumps convenient, timely water, water seepage. (2) reasonable arrangement of excavation procedures to ensure construction safety. (3) overall planning of transportation lines, organization