国际法承认和继承课件.pptVIP

Public International Law;The Main Content of The Course;References;Introduction of International Law;Important words: municipal (domestic law) govern Regulate Principle Regulation system individual legal person natural person nation-states international organizations political entities international personality legislative organization judicial organization administrative organization subjects Objects ;1、The concept of International law International law may be defined as the body of principles, regulations and systems which are binding upon subjects of the international law in their relations with one another. 国际法是指在国际交往中形成的，用以调整国际法主体之间、主要是国家间关系的，有法律拘束力的原则(principles)、规则(regulations)和制度(systems)的总体。 ;About the subjects of international law Compared to the subjects of domestic law, natural person and legal person, the principal subjects of international law are states. States used to be regarded as the only subject of international law, but now, we realize that in addition to states, there are international organizations and other political entities with international personality. political entities (colonies ,Palestinian Liberation Organization.. ) International organizations (governmental organizations) ;Question:;2、The name of International law; 近代国际法的奠基人 ;3、nature of international law;The arguments of denying international law as a “law”:;The arguments of affirming international law as a “law”:;International law is created and applied by its own subjects, primarily the independent states, for their own purposes. 有无立法机关并不是法律之所以成为法律的必要条件。国内法上的习惯法也不是立法机关制定的，而是社会成员自己制定的：国际社会中习惯法仍占主导地位。 It is recognized that states themselves may take self-help measures, either through diplomatic means or through the use of force in self-defense. 有无专门的执法机关实施法律，制裁违法者也不是法律成为法律的必要条件。国内法也承认自助（self-help）也是实施法律的合法方式，只是在国内法上自助是一种辅助手段，而在国际法上它是一种主要手段。如受害国可以采取报复手段对加害国进行制裁，在战争权被废除之前，甚至可以对违法者宣战。 ;Altho