中西文化比较lecture2 - 孔子.ppt

Fundamental relationships have their own moral requirements- ruler/subject; parent/child; husband/wife 哥哥／弟弟 friend/friend Relationships inherently unequal BUT not a power-play; rather mutual 仁 from different vantage points in life. Duties of one’s Station 孝 is not just looking after parents but showing them respect too 3 year mourning period You don’t have to agree with your parents about everything, and can correct them, but do it gently and be reverent even if they don’t listen to you. (An 4:18) 孝 No man has been more influential on China than 孔子, 孔子 is the best gift of China to the world. Is 孔子’s teaching still useful for modern Chinese society? Should more attention be paid to 孔子’s teaching in primary and middle school? Would this make Chinese young people more moral? Should China try to spread 孔子’s ideas to other countries? If so, how could it do this? Final Thoughts ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A Parallel Study of Eastern Western Culture Lecture 2 牧野之战Battle of Muye 周公旦The Duke of Zhou 孔子的生活史Confucius’ Life-story 551 – 479 BC From 501 – 497 BC, Confucius held minor political positions in Lu; from governor of a town to Minister for Crime Confucius attempted to convince the three most important families of Lu to tear down the walls of their cities and devote themselves to peace. But he failed, and so left home and began to travel and teach. 孔子的生活史Confucius’ Life-story 孔子 travelled and tried to convince the authorities in every place to follow his ideas. But none of them did. By the end of his life, 孔子 did not occupy an important government position, but had at least 72 students, some of whom did. 孔子的生活史Confucius’ Life-story If 孔子 lived in today’s China, we would think him a failure. He was not wealthy or successful. But everyone in China now knows his name, while all the successful men of his time have been forgotten. Education Moral government Etiquette/Ritual (礼) Individual Morality/ Benevolence (仁) Duties of one’s Station (including 孝) Key Conf