冬季施工措施论文（The winter construction measures）.docVIP

冬季施工措施论文（The winter construction measures） Concrete construction technology in winter In many parts of our country, there is a longer cold season. Because of the restriction of time limit, the winter construction of concrete in many projects is inevitable. The domestic and foreign research on the theory and method of concrete construction in winter, when the temperature dropped to 4 degrees, as long as the use of appropriate construction methods, avoid the concrete early immersion freezing, the exposed concrete and winter temperatures remain small temperature difference, will be like in the warm day construction effect. General principles of concrete construction in winter The concrete mixture can gradually coagulate and harden until the ultimate strength is obtained, which is due to the hydration of cement. But the speed of the hydration of cement is different from that of the concrete itself, mainly with the temperature. When the temperature rises, the hydration accelerates and the strength grows faster. When the temperature drops to 0 degrees centigrade, some of the water existing in the concrete begins to freeze and gradually changes from the liquid phase to the solid phase (water). At this time, the amount of water involved in the hydration of cement decreased, so hydration slowed down and strength grew correspondingly slowly. The temperature continues to decline, and when the water in the concrete becomes completely ice, that is, the liquid phase changes completely into solid phase, the hydration of cement stops basically, and the strength ceases to increase. When water is changed into ice, the volume increases by about 9%, and at the same time produces an ice expansion stress of about 2500 kilograms per square centimeter. This stress value is often greater than the initial strength value formed within the cement stone, which reduces the strength of concrete to varying degrees of damage (i.e., drought, frost damage). In addition, when the water turns into ice,