生态学基础简答题（A brief answer to the foundations of ecology）.docVIP

生态学基础简答题（A brief answer to the foundations of ecology） Fundamentals of ecology Four, short answer questions The specific content of 1, the concept and research of ecology. Answer: ecology is the study of interaction between organisms and their environment, the specific contents include: (1) the distribution of certain areas of biological species, quantity, biomass, life history and space; (2) the quality of the area and distribution of nutrients and water and other non living matter; (3) a variety of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light, effects on soil organisms; (4) nutrient cycling and energy flow in ecosystem; (5) environment to regulate the biological regulation and biological environment. The difference between the 2, the ecotype and life form. Answer: the following is ecological taxonomic classification units, different individuals of the same species, long-term growth in different natural conditions and human conditions, and the occurrence of divergent adaptation, natural and artificial selection and differentiation into ecological, morphological and physiological characteristics of different genotypes. Life is mainly classified by morphological appearance, is more than the classification unit. Different species, because of the long-term survival in the natural ecological conditions and artificial cultivation of the same conditions, convergence occurred reaction, and the formation of the natural and artificial selection and the characteristics of morphology, physiology and ecology is similar to the species group. 3, the ecological significance of soil. Answer: the soil is the basis of all terrestrial ecosystems, has important ecological significance: (1) the soil is many creatures dwelling place; (2) soil is the transitional environment of biological evolution; (3) soil is a plant growth substrate and nutrient pool; (4) soil is an important pollutant conversion site. 4, the main ecological effects of forest. Answer: the forest has the m