钻井（Well drilling）.docVIP

钻井（Well drilling） 1. understanding of drilling technology and equipment 1.1 lectures on drilling technology and equipment Overview of 1.1.1 drilling technology 1. drilling technology The use of mechanical equipment to drill the formation into a certain depth of cylindrical holes Classification according to well angle: Naoi: well axis is a vertical line in the wells Directional wells: design targets and wellhead not in a plumb line on wells. Horizontal well: when the borehole enters the target layer, the angle of the well is greater than 85 degrees and extends the directional well of a certain length in the target layer According to the well depth classification: shallow well H2500m, medium deep well 2500H4500m, deep well 4500H6000m, ultra deep well H6000m, ultra deep well H9000m. The methods of drilling are: impact drilling method, also called auger drilling, intermittent drilling method. Rotary drilling method is one of the most effective methods to solve such problems as hard rock formation, hard and soft staggered formation, low drilling rate, high gradient formation and easy inclined hole. It includes rotary table drilling method, downhole dynamic drilling method, rotary drilling method, top drive rotary drilling method and so on. 2. drilling process Technical methods for drilling into wells in the exploration and development of petroleum and natural gas. Drilling construction process: (1) wells, (2) road reconnaissance, (3) the foundation construction, installation of derrick, (4) (5) (6) move, installation of equipment, (7) a drill (8), two (9) drilling, drilling, (10) up (11) for drill, drill, drill (12), (13) (14) completion logging, casing, cementing. The characteristics of oil drilling technology is well depth, high pressure, high temperature, impact factors etc.. In the past, drilling was mainly based on experience. In 50s, the factors affecting drilling speed and cost and their relationship were studied. New drilling techniques and theories are emerging.