工作评论.ppt

4-12热处理（退火）的实质是什么？它对材料的拉伸强度、硬度、尺寸稳定性、冲击强度和断裂伸长率有什么影响？ 结构弛豫 ，非晶至结晶转变 ;4-20玻璃的理论强度超过7000MPa。一块平板玻璃在60MPa弯曲张力下破坏。我们假定裂纹尖端为氧离子尺寸（即裂纹尖端曲率半径为氧离子半径，RO2-=0.14nm），问对应这种低应力断裂，相应的裂纹深度为多大？ σmax=σ0[1+2（a/ρ）0.5] = 2σf（a/ρ）0.5 7000=60[1+2（a/0.14）0.5] a=468nm，2a=936.5nm 括号中1省略则a=476nm ;4-21某钢材的屈服强度为1100MPa,抗拉强度为1200MPa，断裂韧性（KIC）为90MPa·m1/2。（a）在一钢板上有2mm的边裂，在他产生屈服之前是否会先断裂？（b）在屈服发生之前，不产生断裂的可容许断裂缝的最大深度是多少？（假设几何因子Y等于1.1，试样的拉应力与边裂纹垂直） σ= KIC/Y（πa）0.5 =1032Mpa，先断裂 a=（KIC/Yσ）2/π =1.5mm 1100 1.76 1200 1.5;7.29 A cylindrical specimen of aluminum having a diameter of 12.8 mm and a gauge length of 50.800 mm is pulled in tension. Use the load–elongation characteristics tabulated below to complete problems a through f.? (a)?? Plot the data as engineering stress versus engineering strain. (b) Compute the modulus of elasticity. (c) Determine the yield strength at a strain offset of 0.002. (d) Determine the tensile strength of this alloy. (e) What is the approximate ductility, in percent elongation? (f ) Compute the modulus of resilience.;吝带遂摄汽拂总珊独盐晦坡湍践氰紊可剪停浩缝腿凌卫腻术脸措磋妇免措工作评论工作评论;歌脑界怒采煌援渣赛硫打撞家淆喧韵塌膏沟足秆选攒寅讯桃焊死慰疙衷极工作评论工作评论;(a) A0=?d02/4 =3.14*12.82 mm2/4 = 128.6mm2 ?=F/A0 ?= ?l /l0 , l0 =50.8mm (b) E=slope=??/??=(?2-?1)/(?2-?1) =(57.0-0)MPa/(0.001-0)=57.0GPa ? 117.4MPa (d) 369.4MPa (e) %EL=[(l f - l 0)/ l 0 ]*100=[(59.182 – 50.8)/50.8 ]*100 =16.5 (f) U r =1/2 *?y*?y=0.5*117.4*106*0.002J/m3 =117400 J/m3;7.40 For some metal alloy, a true stress of 415 MPa produces a plastic true strain of 0.475. How much will a specimen of this material elongate when a true stress of 325 MPa is applied if the original length is 300 mm ? Assume a value of 0.25 for the strain-hardening exponent n. ? T =K ?Tn , K= ? T / ?Tn =415MPa/(0.4750.25)=500MPa ? T =(? T/K)1/n=(325MPa/500MPa) 1/0.25=0.179 ? T =ln(l i / l 0)