第一绪 60学时.pptVIP

Introduction to Machine Design Trends of Mechanical industry: productivity; automation; mechanization; modernization mechanization and automation of machinery—reveal the level of productivity and industrialization, significantly improve efficiency and quality of production—crucial in current competitive global market. “Engineering” is the art of directing the great sources of power in nature for the use and convenience of human beings / utilizing the existing resources and natural law to benefit humanity. Engineering is concerned with the conversion of energy from one form to another with the objective of extracting useful work. Mechanical engineering has the more specific objective of designing machinery to this purpose in the most suitable manner possible. Machine design is the fundamental practice in engineering; is the transformation of concepts and ideas into useful machinery. is the application of science and technology to devise new or improved products for the purpose of satisfying human needs. Design problems are, almost without exception, open-ended problems combining hard science and creativity. 1. Composition of machine  Definition of machine Composition: A machine is a combination of components which can transmit power in a controlled manner by converting energy from one form to another and eventually producing useful work. The common element inherent in all machinery is motion which must be constrained and controlled. 抛光试验机 摩擦磨损试验机 Models of machines : In terms of basic manufacturing unit, a machine is composed by machine elements/components. In terms of the functions of the sub-system of a machine, it is comprised of the source-power, transmission, execution and control/manipulation parts. 机械的特点 1) 实物组合 2) 各组成部分有确定的相对运动 3) 可实现作功或转换能量 对仪器(表)或精密机械,还可实现信息传递和变换—如，录音机,照像机,计算机,各种量仪等. 机械的组成 从系统上，有原动机、传动装置、工作机和控制四大基本组成部分。 1）原动机是将其他形式的能量变换成机械能的机器，是机械设备完成其工作任务的动力来源。 2）工作机是利用机械能去变换或传递能量、物料或信息的机器。是直接完成生产任务的执行装置。 3）传动装置的作用是将原动机的运动