一种潜在的外来入侵植物黄花刺茄.PDFVIP

植 物 分 类 学 报 45 (5): 675–685 (2007) doi:10.1360/aps07010 Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 一种潜在的外来入侵植物: 黄花刺茄 林 玉 谭敦炎* (新疆农业大学林学院 乌鲁木齐 830052) The potential and exotic invasive plant: Solanum rostratum * LIN Yu TAN Dun-Yan (College of Forestry Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China) Abstract Solanum rostratum Dunal. is an annual weed with strong ability for invasion. The species is native to the neotropics and southwestern United States, but it is now widely distributed throughout much of the world. In China, this species was first reported in Chaoyang County of Liaoning Province in 1982, and then successively reported in Baicheng City of Jilin Province, Zhangjiakou City of Hebei Province, and Miyun County of Beijing in recent years. In 2005–2007, this species was also found in Ürümqi County and Shihezi City of Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Solanum rostratum is an occasional weed in open disturbed sites such as roadsides, waste dump sites, and overgrazed pastures. It occurs in many soil types, especially in alkaline loam or clay mixtures under mesic conditions. Solanum rostratum exerts its influence on crops and pastures through competition for water, nutrients, and light throughout the growing season of the species. It is a nuisance because the sharp spines stick to skin, hair, and mucous membranes of livestock, and thus lower the quality of their skin and hair. Leaves, berries, and roots of S. rostratum contain cholinesterase inhibitory substances, which can cause livestock poisoning and even death. In addition