广州城区冬季空气微生物检测和消毒措施评价.docVIP

广州城区冬季空气微生物检测和消毒措施评价 黄钟洲1，2，杨艳君2，黄平1，钟昱文1，曾钜明2 [摘要]　目的：了解广州城区冬季空气微生物分布特征和消毒措施效果。方法：采用撞击法采样，培养观察并革兰氏染色镜检分类；选择三种消毒措施现场消毒；采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析。结果：广州城区冬季室内空气微生物含量肉菜市场＞百货超市＞地铁枢纽＞地下车库、中学教室＞实验室；肉菜市场微生物(4233.3±2466.4)含量较高，而实验室微生物(83.3±28.7)含量最低；森林园林的真菌比例较高(65.3％)。空气微生物G+球菌、G-球菌、G+杆菌和G-杆菌分别占47.0％、12.7％、18.3％和19.3％，真菌占0.6％。三种消毒措施的自然消亡率结果以过氧乙酸＞紫外线＞乙醇；统计学检验显示，三种消毒剂消毒效果无明显差异。结论：广州室内空气微生物的分布差异较大，肉菜市场微生物有一定程度的污染；空气微生物G+球菌为优势菌群；具有环保性的过氧乙酸、紫外线、乙醇消毒措施均可以预防可能出现的一般传染病。 [关键词]　空气；微生物；污染；消毒；室内，健康 中图分类号：R122.2，R187.2 文献标识码：A Detection of winter airborne microbe and evaluation of disinfection measures in Guangzhou．HUANG Zhongzhou，YANG Yanjun，HUANG Ping，et al．Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection，Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province． Guangzhouterminal＞underground garage、school room＞bio-Lab；The microbe quantity in the food market(4233.3±2466.4) was the highest and the that in the bio-Lab (83.3±28.7) was the lowest；the fungus ratio in the forest park (65.3％) was the higher　in all microbes．The Gram-positive coccus，Gram-negative coccus，Gram-positive bacillus and Gram-negative bacillus in airborne microbe accounted for 47.0％，12.7％，18.3％ and 19.3％，respectively；the fungi accounted for 0.6％．The natural decay rates in three disinfection measures were as follows：peroxyacetic acid＞ultra-violet rays＞ethanol；there was not statistically significant difference among the three measures． Conclusion　The great difference of indoor airborne microbe distribution existed in Guangzhou and there was the pollution of microbe in the food market to small degree．The Gram-positive coccus was prevalent in airborne microbe and the peroxyacetic acid，ultra-violet ray and ethanol of environment-friendly might be adopted to disinfect the airborne microbe in order to prevent some infectious diseases to some extent． Keyword：Air，Microbe；Pollution；Disinfection；In-door；Health． 空气微生物作为城市生态系统重要成分之一，影响城市空气质量和人体健康。多种细菌、真菌是呼吸道疾患、皮肤感染、甚至癌症等疾病的重要致病源；国内已有一些调查研究。为进一步了解广州城区室内和室外几种环境空气微生物现状和特征，