小凉山地区已婚妇女生育节育现状试点调查.docVIP

小凉山地区已婚妇女生育节育现状的调查 周波1,孙冲1,周文秀1,陈喜慧1,何长久，胡澜 （1．川北医学院医学影像学系；2.川北医学院学报 四川 南充 637007） 【摘要】 目的：了解小凉山地区已婚妇女生育节育现状，并对比彝、汉两族已婚妇女生育节育现状的差别及变化趋势。方法：选择四川省乐山市峨边彝族自治县，入户调查452户人家，648名已婚妇女的生育与节育状况。结果：≤35岁、36～49岁、50～63岁和≥64岁4个年龄段妇女的生育率（人均已生育次数）分别为（彝族/汉族）1.64/1.41,3.14/1.96,3.48/2.77,4.44/4.83，绝育术（输卵管结扎、输精管结扎）现用率为（彝族/汉族）0.6%/2.7%,8.8%/34.5%，15.9%/48.3%,4.9%/43.5%。宫内节育器（IUD）的现用率为（彝族/汉族）49.7%/58.7%,71.5%/40.5%,36.4%/36.7%,29.3%/13.0%。结论：彝、汉两族已婚育龄期妇女平均生育次数高于2000年全国水平。IUD使用率呈递增趋势，目前为彝、汉两族育龄期妇女的首选节育措施。彝族各个年龄段IUD使用率均高于绝育术用率。汉族非育龄期绝育术用率高于IUD,育龄段则相反。两族相比，IUD使用率差别不大而绝育术则是汉族明显的高于彝族（≤35岁组除外）。 【关键词】彝族；汉族；已婚妇女；生育；避孕节育；现用率 The Fertility Rates and Contraception Prevalence of Married Women in Small Liangshan Area:A Pilot Study ZHOU Bo1，SUN Chong1，ZHOU Wen-xiu1，CHEN Xi-hui1，HE Chang-jiu1，HU Lan （1. Department of Medical Imaging；2. Journal of North Sichuan Medical College，Nanchong,Sichuan 637007） 【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the fertility and contraceptive prevalence rates of married women in Small Liangshan Area, and contrast the status of Yi and Han ethnic married women in the fertility and contraceptive prevalence rates, also, the trend of the difference between.Methods: 648 married women were sampled from 452 households in Ebian Yi Autonomous County of Leshan City of Sichuan Province, and their fertility rates and contraceptive prevalence are investigated. Results：the total fertility rates （number of children delivered per woman）were 1.64/1.41(Yi / Han ethnic), 3.14/1.96,3.48/2.77,4.44/4.83 in the 4 age groups- ≤35 years,36～49 years,50～63 years and≥64 years, respectively, while the prevalence rates of sterilizations – tubal sterilization and vasectomy (total number of sterilized people divided by the total number of women )were 0.6%/2.7%,8.8%/34.5%，15.9%/48.3% and 4.9%/43.5%, respectively, and that of intrauterine devices(IUDs) were 49.7%/58.7%,71.5%/40.5%,36.4%/36.7% and 29.3%/13.0%, respectively. Conclusion：the total fertility rates of married women of reproductive age(≤49 yea