汉译英第二讲.pptVIP

* * 汉译英第二讲 谓语的确定 谓语选择的原则 1. 谓语要和主语保持人称，数的一致 2. 谓语要明示汉语隐含的时态，情态和语气 3. 谓语若为有形式标志的被动式，译文宜用被动式作谓语 4. 谓语若为无形式标志的被动式，译文亦选择被动式作谓语 5. 若不知原文谓语动作的发出者是谁，或者原文的主语为“人们”，“大 家”等，或 者句中含有“据说”，“据传”等字眼，译文的谓语常用以 it 为形式主语的被动句 式。 6. 谓语要符合英语表达习惯和语体特征 7. 所选择的谓语必须与主语在逻辑上搭配得当 8. 所选择的谓语必须与宾语在逻辑上搭配得当 谓语要和主语保持人称，数的一致 1. 改革和开放也使民族精神获得了解放。 Reforms and the opening policy have also emancipated the minds of the people. 2. 马克思主义也是在斗争中发展起来的。 Marxism , too, also develops through struggle. 谓语要明示汉语隐含的时态，情态和语气 他过去那副尊容，只要你见过一次，无论什么时 候你都不会忘记。 He had a face that, once you saw it, is never forgotten. 家家都有一本难念的经。 Every family has its own trouble. 3. 谓语若为有形式标志的被动式，译文宜用被动式作谓语 他的狗让车给轧了。 His dog was run over by a car. 村庄被群山环绕，几乎与外界隔绝。 The village is surrounded by the mountains and almost cut off from the outside world. 4. 谓语若为无形式标志的被动式，译文亦选择被动式作谓语 1. 茶会上只供应茶和蛋糕。 Only tea and cakes were served at the tea party. 他的著作已重印了十次。 His works have been reprinted ten times. 学生要参加实践活动。 Students are requested to take part in field work. 5. 若不知原文谓语动作的发出者是谁，或者原文的 主语为“人们”，“大家”等，或者句中含有“据说”， “据传”等字眼，译文的谓语常用以 it 为形式主语 的被动句式。 人们认为即使是狗也应该有生存的权利。 It is generally agreed that even dogs should have the right to live in the world. 据说中国的皇帝荒淫无耻。 It is said that the Chinese emperors were shamelessly depraved. 3. 众所周知，中国发展核武器完全是为了维护世界 和平。 It is well known that China develops nuclear weapons for the sole purpose of maintaining world peace.