初中虚拟语气讲解和练习含答案.docVIP

虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现，或实现的可能性不大。 一、与现在事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If 1.动词过去式(或were) 2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形 Should Would +动词原形 could might If he had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall. If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.? 二.与将来事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If 1.???? should+动词原形 2.???? 动词过去式 3、were to+动词原形 Should Would +动词原形 could might If you should lose, what would you do? If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.? 三、与过去事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If had+过去分词 Should Would + have+过去分词 could might If I’d dnown that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country. 四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法 1.省掉if的条件从句结构(倒装）： Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…) 2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如： A true friend would not do such a thing. (=If he were a true friend, he...) (=If there were no water,…) (=If you hadn’t helped me,…) 3.???? 错综时间条件句。当从句与主句表示的动作或状态发生的时间不一致时，根据需要选择相应时态。，如： If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. If I were you, I would have gone home.? 五、虚拟语气的其他用法——此类不分析实际的可能性。 1、Suggest, advise 等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： suggest, advise, recommend, demand, require, insist, urge, request, order, +that…(should )+动词原形 decide, ask, move, propose等 注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. 上述动词的名词形式出现时，that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。 He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking. 如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。 He insists that he is right.? 2、It is (was )+necessary, a pity 等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： imperative, advisable, 动词完成式 It is (was) + important, natural, necessary, +that…(should) + essential, strange,等 动词原形 It is important that you (should) follow the doctor’s orders. It is right that you should have done your homework.? 3、wish的用法 动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反 主语+wish(that)+主语 +