税收优惠政策会计税收差异与公司有效税率-上海财经大学.PDF

税收优惠政策、会计税收差异与公司有效税率 沈梦溪 中国人民大学商学院 中国，北京，100872 Email: mxshen@163.com 闻子捷 中国人民大学商学院 中国，北京，100872 Email: zijiewen@ 1 税收优惠政策、会计税收差异与公司有效税率 摘要：本文以2002 年－2005 年的 A 股非金融类上市公司为研究样本，运用双向固定 效应模型对中国的会计与税收环境作用下的上市公司有效税率的影响因素进行了分析。本文 的实证结果发现，享受税率优惠的上市公司，其有效税率比不享受税率优惠的上市公司要低 2 ％左右。而公司计提的资产减值准备，由于在缴纳所得税时不可以税前扣除，也使得公司 的实际税负上升。 关键词：税收优惠 会计税收差异 有效税率 Tax preference policies, book-tax difference and corporate effective tax rates in China Mengxi Shen School of Business, Renmin University of China Zijie Wen School of Business, Renmin University of China Abstract: This study investigates the effects of China’s tax preference policies and book-tax difference on the corporate effective tax rates (ETRs) of Chinese listed companies by using financial statement data for 902 companies for the 2002-2005 period. Empirical results indicate that Chinese firms’ effective tax rates are much lower than statutory tax rates. We also found that firms benefit form tax preference policies pay tax at a effective rates that is about 2% lower than other firms. As allowance for assets impairment is not deductible before tax, firms with more allowance for assets impairment have a higher effective tax rates than other firms. Key Words: Tax preference policies book-tax difference effective tax rates 2 一、引言 公司有效税率（Effective Tax Rate ，ETR ）作为公司税收负担的衡量指标，被定义为公 司所得税费用与公司收益的比值，普遍用于有关