第二讲 动词和时态.pptVIP

动词和动词的时态 Verbs and tenses 动词的种类 系动词:be, look, seem, get, become… 行为动词:do 及物 vt. 不及物vi. 助动词: be, do, have, shall, will, should, would… 情态动词:can, may, must, need, ought to II. 动词的基本形式(basic forms of verbs ) 动词的时态(tense) a. 表示经常,习惯,反复发生的动作或现在的状态,.常与every day, twice a month, often, usually, always, seldom, sometimes, on Sundays, occasionally等时间状语连用. 1) It often rains in summer. 2) Jane usually goes to school at seven in the morning. 3) He has blue eyes. / She likes music. b.表示普遍真理,客观事实,即描述不受时间限制的客观事实或普遍真理 1) Ants are insects. 2) The earth goes around the sun. c. 表示按计划要发生的将来的动作(只限于go, come, start, leave, stay, arrive, return, begin等瞬间动词)，常常带有表示将来时间的状语。 1) The bus starts at five o’clock tomorrow morning. 2) The shop closes at 8 o’clock in the evening. 3) They leave London for Hawaii tomorrow. P76 Activity 2 d. 在时间，条件状语从句中表示将来的动作(主将从现) 1) If it rains tomorrow, we shall stay at home. 2) If he runs, he’ll get there in time. 3) When she arrives, she’ll tell us about it. 4) When you grow up, you’ll understand. II. 现在进行时Present continuous tenses 1. 表示现在正在进行或发生的动作 We are having English grammar class now. The baby is crying. The plane is landing. 2. 表示现阶段正在进行着的动作,虽然此刻这个动作可能并不在进行 (P75) He is working on a term paper. They are writing a book. 3. 与always, forever, continually, constantly等连用，表示想不到或使人烦恼的事,带有一定的感情色彩. She is always helping people. He is always watching TV. He’s always making the same mistake. They are always late for school. 注意: 由于进行时描述尚未结束的动作,因此只能使用表示动作而非状态的动词,例如: I know Nora well. She is very tall and she looks like her father. 常见的表示状态的词: think, know, believe, love, like, forget, remember, want, realize, appear, wish, etc. P78 Activity 3 用一般现在时和现在进行时填空 4. 现在进行时的否定和疑问(The negative and question form of present continuous) 1) She isn’t listening to music now. 2) Is she listening to music now? 3) What is she doing now? 4) what are you doing? 5) Where are living now? P80 Act