08植物神经（08 autonomic nerve）.docVIP

08植物神经（08 autonomic nerve） 8. drugs that act on nerve plants 8.1. cholinergic drugs Neostigmine Neostigmine [alias] prostigmin. Prostigmine. [application] can reversible anticholinesterase, promote motor nerve endings release acetylcholine, selectively excited obviously in skeletal muscle, cholinergic direct effect on skeletal muscle cells to receptor. It is used for myasthenia gravis, functional flatulence and urinary retention after operation. [usage] subcutaneous or intramuscular injection: 0.25~1mg/ times, 1~2 times / day, after 1mg/ times, 5mg/. [] side effects of high doses can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, salivation, tears. [notes] (1) epilepsy, angina pectoris, ventricular tachycardia, mechanical bowel obstruction, urinary tract infarction and asthma patients should be avoided. (2) excessive dose may cause adverse reaction, and atropine can be used to fight it. [preparation Specification] injection: 1mg/2ml. Bromide bromide, Pyridostigmine, Bromide Alias pyridinium bromide. Mestinon. [application] reversible cholinesterase, maintenance time is longer, the role is weak. For myasthenia gravis, postoperative abdominal flatulence, urinary retention. Dosage oral: 60mg/ times, 3 times / day, after 0.12g/ times, 0.36g/. [side effects] long-term oral can appear bromide caused rash and fatigue, but excessive poisoning less risk. [precautions] (1) avoid bowel and urinary tract obstruction, and use bronchial asthma carefully. (2) anticholinergic agents inhibit intestinal peristalsis, which can affect the absorption of this product. [preparation Specification] tablets: 60mg/ tablets. Galanthamine Galanthamine [alias] Nivalin. [application] reversible, weak cholinesterase, can improve the neuromuscular transmission. For myasthenia gravis, polio sequelae, progressive muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy in children, sensory and motor disorders due to neurological diseases or trauma, multiple neuritis, and spinal nerve root inflammation. [usage] intramuscular or subcuta