高倍膨胀石墨的制备工艺条件研究..doc

高倍膨胀石墨的制备工艺条件研究 傅修军1，雷献超1，嫦娥1，张昆1，王亦宁1，康 雨1，王丽琴1,*，齐效文2 （1.燕山大学 环境与化学工程学院学院摘要：膨胀石墨具有丰富的孔道结构和较大的比表面积，是一种绿色环保型吸附材料，在处理水面溢油和染料废水中得到广泛应用。 本文采用化学氧化法，以浓硫酸为插层剂，双氧水为氧化剂成功制备膨胀石墨。同时，通过FE~SEM、XRD等表征方法，研究了膨胀石墨的物理性能。并系统考察了膨胀石墨的较佳制备工艺条件及其对罗丹明B溶液以及油类的吸附性能。 研究结果表明，蠕虫状膨胀石墨具有丰富的网状孔隙结构，存在分级孔道结构。膨胀石墨的较佳制备工艺条件为：石墨(g)：98%浓硫酸(mL)：30% H2O2(mL)=6：10：1，插层温度60℃，插层时间80min，微波膨化功率420W，膨化时间15s，该条件下膨胀石墨的膨胀容积为375mL/g。二次插层以硝酸为插层剂较佳的制备工艺条件是：石墨(g)：98%浓硫酸(mL)：30% H2O2(mL)：65%硝酸（mL）=6:9:1:2，插层温度60℃，插层时间80min，微波膨化功率420W，膨化时间15s。 关键词：Abstract: Expanded graphite is a kind of green environmental protection adsorption material, which is widely used in dealing with the water spilled oil and the dye wastewater. In this article, chemical oxidation method was choosed to prepare expanded graphite, concentrated sulfuric acid was used as intercalating agent, while hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. Moreover, the physical properties of the expanded graphite were characterized by using FE~SEM, XRD, and so on. In addition, the optimum preparation conditions and adsorption performance of Rhodamine B and oil of EG were made a systematic study. The research results show that: the vermicular expanded graphite has rich mesh pore structure and hierarchical channel structure. The optimum preparation conditions of EG went as follows: m(nature flake graphite): mL(concentrated sulfuric acid): mL(hydrogen peroxide) = 6:10:1, the reaction temperature and time were 60 ℃and 80 minutes, microwave puffing power and swelling time were 420 W and 15 s, respectively. The expanded volume of expanded graphite could reach up to 375 ml/g. The optimum preparation conditions of Second intercalation EG went as follows: m(nature flake graphite): mL(concentrated sulfuric acid): mL(hydrogen peroxide):mL（nitric acid） = 6::1:2 the reaction temperature and time were 60 ℃and 80 minutes, microwave puffing power and swelling time were 420 W and 15 s. Keywords：expanded graphite; chemical oxidation; expanded volume; second intercalation 前言石墨晶体是一种层状结构[1]在强氧化