试验流行病学研究.PPT

* 保护率=[对照组发病(或死亡)率－实验组发病(或死亡)率]/对照组发病(或死亡率)*100% * In health care research, however, bias is defined as any factor or process that tends to deviate the results or conclusions of a trial systematically away from the truth.3-6 This deviation from the truth can result in underestimation or exaggeration of the effects of an intervention. biases that can occur at any point during the course of a trial, from the allocation of participants to study groups, through the delivery of interventions and the measurement of outcomes, to the interpretation and reporting of results. Other types of bias that