(大气科学基础)大气的状态参数.ppt

一月份的海平面气温 冬季气温分布特点 等温线密集; 等温线南凸,冷空气势力大; 海洋相对于陆地显得温暖; 西伯利亚和格凌兰是冷中心,澳大利亚是暖中心 七月份的海平面气温 夏季气温分布特点 等温线稀疏; 等温线北凸,暖空气势力大; 陆地相对于海洋温度高; 沙漠地区出现高温中心 等温线分析要点 同一水平面上温度相等的点的连线称为等温线; 等温线密集,温度随空间变化大;等温线稀疏,温度的空间变化小; 等温线向高纬度地区突出,说明暖空气势力大;等温线向低纬度地区突出,说明冷空气势力大 局地小尺度气候差异 ALBEDO is the reflectivity of the earth’s surface. Darker colours have a lower albedo; it absorbs more incident radiation than lighter colours. On the photo, the snowcapped mountains have the highest albedo, the forest the lowest. Ice cover at the poles has a high albedo, further reducing temperature. Water has a surpri

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