association between head-and-neck cancers and active and passive cigarette smoking头颈部癌症之间的联系,主动和被动吸烟.pdfVIP

Vol.4, No.9, 619-624 (2012) Health /10.4236/health.2012.49097 Association between head-and-neck cancers and active and passive cigarette smoking 1* 1 1 1 Yukiomi Kushihashi , Yoshiyuki Kadokura , Syuhei Takiguchi , Yoshiyuki Kyo , Yoshihiro Yamada1 1 2 3 , Miki Shino , Masato Kano , Harumi Suzaki 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan; * Corresponding Author: ykushihashi32@ 2Department of Internal Medicine, Shinnakagawa Hospital, Yokohama, Japan 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan Received 5 August 2012; revised 3 September 2012; accepted 13 September 2012 ABSTRACT head-and-neck cancers is strongly influenced by direct tobacco smoke stimulation. Although there have been many reports on the toxicity of tobacco smoke, fewer studies have Keywords: Head-and-Neck Cancers; Squamous reported the relationship between the smoke Cell Carcinoma; Active Smoking Rate; Passive and carcinogenesis of head-and-neck cancers. It Smoking Rate; Brinkman Index is assumed that direct stimulations due to to- bacco smoke, such as chemical and mechanical stimulations, strongly influence the epithelium 1. INTRODUCTION of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, It is widely known that active and passive cigarette and larynx. We investigated the influence of ac- smoking is t