bone morphogenetic protein-4 affects both trophoblast and non-trophoblast lineage-associated gene expression in human embryonic stem cells骨形成含有影响滋养层和non-trophoblast lineage-associated在人类胚胎干细胞的基因表达.pdfVIP

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bone morphogenetic protein-4 affects both trophoblast and non-trophoblast lineage-associated gene expression in human embryonic stem cells骨形成含有影响滋养层和non-trophoblast lineage-associated在人类胚胎干细胞的基因表达.pdf

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bone morphogenetic protein-4 affects both trophoblast and non-trophoblast lineage-associated gene expression in human embryonic stem cells骨形成含有影响滋养层和non-trophoblast lineage-associated在人类胚胎干细胞的基因表达

Vol.2, No.4, 163-175 (2012) Stem Cell Discovery /10.4236/scd.2012.24021 Bone morphogenetic protein-4 affects both trophoblast and non-trophoblast lineage-associated gene expression in human embryonic stem cells 1,2* 1* 3 4 1,5,6 Margaret L. Shirley , Alison Venable , Raj R. Rao , Nolan L. Boyd , Steven L. Stice , David Puett1#, Prema Narayan7# 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, USA; #Corresponding Author: puett@ 2Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA 3Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA 4Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA 5Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, USA 6Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, USA 7Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, USA; #Corresponding Author: pnarayan@ Received 5 May 2012; revised 4 June 2012; accepted 1 July 2012 ABSTRACT cells were obtained. Gene expression by EB was characterized by an up-regulation of a num- Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) can be in- ber of genes associated with trophoblast, ecto- duced to differentiate to trophoblast by bone derm, endoderm, and mesoderm, and the pro- morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and by aggre-