视力状况比较统计指标选用研究.docVIP

视力状况比较统计指标选用研究【摘要】 目的 探讨视力状况组间比较指标的选择,为开展学生视力检测与分析提供参考。方法 选取大连市初中生的4 833只眼,按照地区、性别、年级分为18个组。测定远视力后,统计视力良好率、平均视力、平均视角3项指标,再分别进行统计学检验。结果 3项指标得出的P值基本一致的只有9组,得出的P值明显不一致的2组。若采用“视力良好率”检验,P值明显偏高的1组,略有偏高的2组,略微偏低的3组。平均视力与平均视角相比,方差不齐的平均视力占33.3%,平均视角占61.1%;两者P值相差不多的10组,平均视力的P值明显低于平均视角的有4组,平均视力略低的3组。结论 利用视力检查结果进行组间比较时,不适宜采用视力不良率,平均视力的统计效率较平均视角为高。 【关键词】 视力测定法;健康状况指标;统计学;学生保健服务 【中图分类号】 R 179 R 778 R 195.1 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2009)09-0831-03 Analysis of Optimal Statistical Index Selection Among Junior Middle School Students/WANG Zhi-yong*, YAO Wei, WANG Fu-chen, et al. * Dalian Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian(116021), China 【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the optimal indices for comparison among junior middle school students, and to provide reference for the test and analysis. Methods LogMAR vision data were collected from 4 833 eyes. The subjects were divided into 18 groups in accordance with regions, genders and grades. The rate of non-myopia(RNM), the arithmetic mean of vision(AMV) and the arithmetic mean of visual angle(AMVA) were calculated and statistically tested respectively. Results Only 9 groups had the similar P-values, while the two groups had the different P-values. Testing by RNM, there was one group with obviously higher P-value, two groups with slightly higher P-value and three groups with slightly lower P-values. To compare AMV with AMVA, 33.3% AMV and 61.1% had heterogeneity variance. Between AMV and AMVA, there were only ten groups which had the similar P-values. The P-values of AMV were tendentiously below the P-values of AMVA. Conclusion RNM is unreasonable for the comparison of the distance vision among groups, and AMV has higher statistical efficiency than AMVA. 【Key words】 Optometry;Health status indicators;Statistics;Student health services 视力是反映视觉功能的重要指标。在开展群体视力监测时,虽然国内外普遍采用视力不良率(按照计数资料统计),但是统计群体的平均视力(按照计量资料统计)更加敏感[1]。描述群体视力的动态变化,按照统计学原理应该使用定基比、环比(而不是新发病率),具体计算时可能采用“平均视角”更适宜[2]。为探讨采用视力不良率、平均视力、平均视角指标在多个