我国城乡公共卫生资源投入不足还是配置失衡.PDFVIP

《 中国卫生经济》 第 卷第 期 （总第 期） 年 月 卫生资源配置 31 8 354 2012 8 我国城乡公共卫生资源投入不足还是配置失衡 ① ② 刘海英 ， 张纯洪 摘 要 我国城乡公共卫生经济资源整体呈现无效配置状态， 这种配置无效主要是由纯技术效率和规模效率下降所导致。 从规模效率变化来看， 农村地区公共卫生资源投入产出规模无效主要由要素投入相对不足所导致， 而城市地区的规模无效则主 要来源于投入相对过剩。 进一步的要素拥挤识别表明， 我国城乡人均卫生总费用的非均衡支出是导致我国公共卫生资源配置效 率低下的最主要原因， 而农村地区相对较低的卫生从业人员水平与落后的医疗设施， 将会进一步加剧我国公共卫生资源在城乡 间配置失衡。 关键词 公共卫生资源； 投入产出； 生产率； 配置效率； 规模效率 中图分类号 R1-9 ； F207 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1003-0743(2012)08-0012-04 ’ China s Urban and Rural Public Health Resources Insufficiency Input or Unbalanced Allocation/LIU Hai-ying, ZHANG Chun-hong//Chinese Health Economics, 2012,31(8):12-15 Abstract The allocation efficiency of China ’s urban and rural public health resources is inefficient on the whole. The allocation inefficiency results from the decrease of pure technology efficiency and scale efficiency. Seen from changes of scale efficiency, the input- output scale inefficiency of rural areas mainly comes from insufficient input. On the contrary, urban areas scale inefficiency comes from comparatively surplus input. To further discern congestion factors, the unbalanced total health expenditure per capita between rural and urban areas is the most important factors that contribute to low allocation efficiency of China ’s public health resources. Furthermore, the relative low level of medical staffs and outdated equipment will further aggravate the allocation imbalance between rural and urban areas. Key words public health resources; input-output; productivity rate; allocation efficiency; scale efficiency ’ First-author s address Quantitative Research Center of Economics, Jilin University, Chan