低温天气对厦门姜目植物危害调查-亚热带植物科学.PDF

2017,46(2): 158 ～162. Subtropical Plant Science 低温天气对厦门姜目植物危害调查 刘雪霞 (厦门市园林植物园，福建 厦门 361003) 摘 要：2016 年 1 月 22 ～27 日厦门地区出现近二十多年来未遇的极端低温天气，厦门植物园的姜目植物受到 不同程度的危害。将姜目植物受害程度划分为 6 个受害等级，调查园内 38 种姜目植物的受害情况。结果表明， 38 种姜目植物中有 34 种受不同等级冻害，未受害仅 4 种；姜科和旅人蕉科表现较为耐寒，蝎尾蕉科和闭鞘姜 科抗寒性差；山姜属抗寒能力强，蝎尾蕉属、闭鞘姜属抗寒能力弱。研究表明，原产地纬度与姜目植物抗寒能 力显著相关，原产于低纬度的姜目植物易受低温危害；原产地海拔也影响姜目植物抗寒能力。 m 关键词：姜目植物；低温天气；原产地；纬度 o Doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.02.012 中图分类号：S426 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009-7791(2017)02-0158-05 c . Effects of Cold Weather on Zingiberales Plants in Xiamen, China LIU Xue-xia x (Xiamen Botanical Garden, Xiamen 361003, Fujian China) k Abstract: Xiamen area was suffered a strong cold wave in January 22 －27, 2016, causing cold damage on Zingiberales plants in Xiamen Botanical Garden. The temperature reached the lowest w point at –2 ℃ in January 24. The damage degrees of the plants were divided into 6 levels. 38 species of Zingiberales plants were investigated. Only 4 species were not hurt in 38 species after the cold z wave. Zingiberaceae and Strelitziaceae had higher resistance to cold wave, while Heliconiaceae and d Costaceae were more damaged in the cold-air outbreak. The cold resistance of Alpinia was better than r that of Heliconia and Costus. Results showed that the latitude of ha