海水泵滑靴副污染磨损及控制方法的分析研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 海水泵是海水液压系统不可或缺的关键动力元件，海水泵的研发对海水液压技术 的发展和推广应用具有特别重要的意义。由于海水中含有大量的污染物，同时海水介 质具有不同于油介质的特殊理化特性，具有粘度低、腐蚀性强、汽化压力高等特点， 在连续重载工况下，滑靴摩擦副极易受到污染磨损，使海水泵性能劣化而过早失效。 滑靴副的污染磨损是海水泵失效的主要原因和研制海水泵的关键技术难题之一。 本文选择轴向柱塞式海水泵中的滑靴/斜盘副（简称滑靴副）为研究对象，结 合国内外的研究成果，对滑靴副污染磨损机理做了研究，提出了主要从滑靴结构设 计、选材和污染物控制三方面考虑来解决海水泵滑靴副污染磨损这一技术难题。具 体内容如下： 首先，分析比较了各种滑靴副支承类型的优劣；对滑靴副进行了运动和受力分析， 精确计算了滑靴对斜盘的压紧力，分析了滑靴的污染磨损影响因素及滑靴副的失效机 理。为了增强滑靴副的抗污染磨损能力，对滑靴副结构上进行了改进和材料选择做了 分析；提出了海水液压系统污染物控制的设计方案。 利用本校现有试验设备和设计改进的阀配流滑靴摩擦副试验台，对选定材料进行 材料摩擦磨损性能试验，重点对工程塑料、表面喷涂陶瓷和不锈钢材料之间的对偶进 行了选择，筛选出摩擦学性能较好的材料搭配。在滑靴摩擦副试验台上验证了所设计 滑靴副的工作性能，研究了滑靴副的污染磨损机理。经试验验证，改进设计的滑靴副 具有良好的抗污染磨损性能。 关键词：海水液压传动技术 滑靴副 污染磨损 轴向柱塞式海水泵 I Abstract Seawater hydraulic pump is the key driving element in hydraulics systems. The research of the pump is very important to the development and the spread of seawater hydraulic technology. At the condition with heavy load on slipper pad and swash plate pair which is shortly called for slipper pair, contamination wear which makes seawater pumps disabled appears easily in the pair, because of vast contamination and special characters in physics and chemistry of seawater, such as low viscosity, strong corrodibility, the big pressure of vaporizing point, etc. the contamination wear of the pair is the main factor that leads the failure of seawater pumps and a barrier of the research of seawater pumps. The slipper pair of hydraulic axial piston pump is chosen as the research obstacle in this dissertation. Based on a review of the condition and development of its contamination wear home and abroad, construct design, material choosing and filter design are developed to solved the contamination wear of slipper pair. Contents are followed. The advantag