英语国家概况精讲系列chapter~.doc

chapter?14(14章）population.Race?and?Ethnic?groups???必背细节1.The?United?States?of?the?American?is?the?third?most?populous?county?in?the?world?after?Chind?and?India.美国是世界人口第三大国，仅次于中国和印度。 2.Immigration?accounts?for?a?major?source?of?population?growth,The?United?States?has?a?more?or?less?open-door?policy?to?immigtants?from?independence?until?1960s.Ellis?Island?of?New?York?was?an?important?immigration?reception?spot?in?the?1890s?and?at?the?turn?of?the?century.19世纪末20世纪初，纽约的埃利斯岛是一个重要的移民入境接待点。 3.Almost?20?million?people?or?7.8%?of?the?total?population?were?immigrants?in?1992.Between?80%?and?90%?of?immigration?to?the?United?States?now?is?from?Asian?and?Hispanic?countries.如今美国移民的80%到90%主要来源于亚洲和拉美国家。 4.Arizona,Nevada,and?Florida?have?been?the?fastest?growing?states?in?population?for?the?last?20?years.在过去的二十年里，亚利桑那，内华达和佛罗里达是人口增长最快的州。 5.The?first?immigrants?in?the?American?history?cane?from?England?and?Netherlands.美国历史是第一批移民来自英国和荷兰。 6.The?first?of?these?immigration?waves?in?the?mid-1810s?and?reached?the?highest?point?in?1845.The?second?wave?covered?the?period?between?1860?and?1890.?The?largest?of?the?three?immigration?wave?in?American?was?from?1890-1914.三次移民浪潮中最大的一次是1890-1914年。 7.One?in?five?American?moves?to?a?new?home?every?year?seeking?new?job?opportunity,a?better?climate?of?other?goals.有1/5的美国人每年搬一次家。 8.美国的四次大规模的人口流动：?????????????????????????????????????????????流动方向the?Frist???????1865-1880????east?coast?------west?the?Second???1980-1920???rural?areas?------citiesthe?Third???????1920----1960????the?south/black?people?----other?areasthe?fourth??????1960-now???????Northeast?/Central-N----the?West/the?South9.A?large?number?of?blank?people?move?out?of?the?south?to?other?areas?during?the?period?between?1920-1960.大批黑人离开南方涌向外地发生在1920-1960年间。 10.The?largest?of?the?racial?and?ethnic?minorities?in?the?United?States?is?the?blacks?who?number?about?12.1%?of?the?population.?The?first?blacks?were?brought?to?North?America?as?slaves?in?1619.美国人口最多的少数民族是黑人，大约占总人口的12。1%，第一批黑人作为奴隶于1619年