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cardiorenal syndrome an unsolved clinical problemcardiorenal综合症的一个尚未解决的临床问题
SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research
International Journal of Nephrology
Volume 2011, Article ID 913029, 6 pages
doi:10.4061/2011/913029
Review Article
Cardiorenal Syndrome: An Unsolved Clinical Problem
´ 1 2
Paula Martınez-Santos and Isidre Vilacosta
1 Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Av. Budapest no. 1, Alcorcon, 28922 Madrid, Spain
´ ´ ´
2 Departmento de Cardiologia, Hospital Clınico San Carlos Profesor Martın Lagos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
´ ´
´
Correspondence should be addressed to Paula Martınez-Santos, paulams1@
Received 20 August 2010; Revised 28 January 2011; Accepted 28 March 2011
Academic Editor: Anjay Rastogi
´
Copyright © 2011 P. Martınez-Santos and I. Vilacosta. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
The clinical relevance of the bidirectional cross-talk between heart and kidney is increasingly recognized. However, the optimal
approach to the management of kidney dysfunction in heart failure remains unclear. The purpose of this article is to outline the
most plausible pathophysiologic theories that attempt to explain the renal impairment in acute and chronic heart failure, and to
review the current treatment strategies for these situations.
1. Introduction of renal function (WRF) i
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