turning on myogenin in muscle a paradigm for understanding mechanisms of tissue-specific gene expression打开myogenin在肌肉范式对于理解组织基因表达的机制.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Comparative and Functional Genomics Volume 2012, Article ID 836374, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2012/836374 Review Article Turning on Myogenin in Muscle: A Paradigm for Understanding Mechanisms of Tissue-Specific Gene Expression Herve Faralli1 and F. Jeffrey Dilworth1, 2 1 Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6 2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5 Correspondence should be addressed to F. Jeffrey Dilworth, jdilworth@ohri.ca Received 14 February 2012; Accepted 23 April 2012 Academic Editor: Lucia Latella Copyright © 2012 H. Faralli and F. J. Dilworth. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Expression of the myogenin (Myog ) gene is restricted to skeletal muscle cells where the transcriptional activator turns on a gene expression program that permits the transition from proliferating myoblasts to differentiating myotubes. The strict temporal and spatial regulation on Myog expression in the embryo makes it an ideal gene to study the developmental regulation of tissue-specific expression. Over the last 20 years, our knowledge of the regulation of Myog expression has evolved from the identification of the minimal promoter elements necessary for the gene to be transcribed in muscle, to a mechanistic understanding of how the proteins that bind these DNA elements work together to establish transcriptional competence. Here we present our current understanding of the developmental regulation of gene expression gained from stud