我国煤炭环境外部成本的经济核算.pdfVIP

中国环境科学 2015,35(6) ：1892~1900 China Environmental Science 我国煤炭环境外部成本的经济核算 刘倩倩 1,2,秦昌波 1*,葛察忠 1,程翠云 1,龙 凤 1 (1.环境保护部环境规划院,北京 100012 ；2. 中国环境科学研 究院,北京 100012) 摘要：基于产品生命周期理论,构建煤炭环境外部成本核算框架,采用环境价值评估方法,对煤炭生产、运输及利用环节环境成本实物量及 价值量进行核算,最后得到煤炭的环境外部成本, 以 2010 年为核算基准年,得到煤炭在生产、运输和使用环节中产生的环境外部成本分别为 2185.95 亿元、631.18 亿元及 2655.37 亿元,吨煤成本为 67.78,44.68,85.04,总环境外部成本为 5472.50 亿元,吨煤成本为 197.40 元. 关键词：煤炭；环境成本；核算 中图分类号：X196 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2015)06-1892-09 Economic accounting of external environmental cost of coal in China. LIU Qian-qian1,2, QIN Chang-bo1*, GE Cha-zhong1 1 1 , CHENG Cui-yun , LONG Feng (1.Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012 ； 2.Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012 China). China Environmental Science, 2015,35(6) ：1892~1900 Abstract ：Based on product life cycle theory, a framework to account the of coal was established. The physical quantity and magnitude of value of external environmental cost of coal was estimated for its whole life cycle including production, transportation and using. The external environment costs in the coal production, transportation and using phase were estimated to be 218.595 billion yuan, 63.118 billion yuan and 265.537 billion yuan, respectively. The cost per ton of coal was 67.78 yuan, 44.68 yuan and 85.04 yuan, respectively. And the total environmental external cost of coal was 5472.50 billion yuan in 2010, and 197.40 yuan/tons of coal. Key words ：coal ；environmental external cost ；accounting 煤炭在我国能源结构中占据主要地位,但煤 发电外部成本计算模型,于左等[10] 、关凤峻等[11] 炭开采、运输与使用环节带来了严峻的环境污染 从治理角度出发估算矿产资源开发生态环境恢 与生态破坏问题,从而生成环境外部成本,但现行 复治理成本,党晋华等[12]、张文丽等[13]应用环境价 国内政策未将环境成本完全纳入生产成本中,导 值评价法对采煤过程中生态环境外部不经济因