sleep dysfunctions in schizophrenia a practical review睡眠障碍在精神分裂症的一个实际的评论.pdf

Open Journal of Psychiatry, 2012, 2, 384-392 OJPsych /10.4236/ojpsych.2012.224054 Published Online November 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/ojpsych/) Sleep dysfunctions in schizophrenia: A practical review Flavie Waters1,2, Dara S. Manoach3,4,5 1Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, Graylands Hospital, North Metro Area Mental Health, Perth, Australia 2School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia 3Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, USA 4Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, USA 5Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Email: flavie.waters@.au Received 20 September 2012; revised 18 October 2012; accepted 26 October 2012 ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION Objective: Sleep dysfunctions are common in schizo- Schizophrenia (SZ) is a persistent and debilitating psy- phrenia, yet few evidence-based guidelines exist for chotic illness that causes devastation in the lives of suf- the detection, diagnosis and management of sleep ferers and their families. The personal costs to the indi- disturbances in this disorder. This critical review pa- vidual in terms of suffering and disability are also enor- per sought to increase awareness amongst mental mous, with individuals experiencing isolation, financial health clinicians of sleep problems in schizophrenia, hardship, unemployment and periods of hospitalisation. promote better identification of sleep problems, and Symptoms include psychotic symptoms (“voices”, bi- help clinicians make more informed decisions about