sleep stage classification using unsupervised feature learning睡眠阶段分类使用无监督功能学习.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Advances in Artificial Neural Systems Volume 2012, Article ID 107046, 9 pages doi:10.1155/2012/107046 Research Article Sleep Stage Classification Using Unsupervised Feature Learning ¨ Martin Langkvist, Lars Karlsson, and Amy Loutfi ¨ ¨ Center for Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems, Orebro University, 701 82 Orebro, Sweden Correspondence should be addressed to Amy Loutfi, amy.loutfi@oru.se Received 17 February 2012; Revised 5 May 2012; Accepted 6 May 2012 Academic Editor: Juan Manuel Gorriz Saez ¨ Copyright © 2012 Martin Langkvist et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Most attempts at training computers for the difficult and time-consuming task of sleep stage classification involve a feature extraction step. Due to the complexity of multimodal sleep data, the size of the feature space can grow to the extent that it is also necessary to include a feature selection step. In this paper, we propose the use of an unsupervised feature learning architecture called deep belief nets (DBNs) and show how to apply it to sleep data in order to eliminate the use of handmade features. Using a postprocessing step of hidden Markov model (HMM) to accurately capture sleep stage switching, we compare our results to a feature-based approach. A study of anomaly detection with the application to home environment data collection is also presented. The results using raw data with a deep architecture, such as the DBN, were